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英语学习必备知识大全,超全收藏指南

元音字母发音方法

开音节:以元音字母结尾或“元音+辅音+不发音e”结尾(如:name, bike)

闭音节:以辅音字母结尾(如:bag, bed)

元音字母组合的规则

辅音字母及其组合的规律

重读音节的规则

①双音节词:名词重读第一音节,动词重读第二音节

名词:'record(唱片),'present(礼物)

动词:re'cord(记录),pre'sent(呈现)

②tion/-sion规则:

tion读/ʃən/:nation, education

sion在元音后读/ʒən/:vision, decision

sion在s后读/tʃən/:question, suggestion

连读与爆破音消失规则

连读规则:

辅音+元音:get up → /ge-tʌp/

元音+元音:go out → /gəʊ-waʊt/(加/w/音)

r/re+元音:far away → /fɑː-rəweɪ/

爆破音消失:

两个爆破音相邻:前一个只作口型不发音

bad boy → /bæ(d)-bɔɪ/

that pen → /ðæ(t)-pen/

词汇知识(Vocabulary)

1,词根词缀记忆法,核心公式:前缀 + 词根 + 后缀 = 新词

常见前缀:

常见词根:

常见后缀:

2,不规则动词变化规则

AAA型(原形、过去式、过去分词相同):

cost-cost-cost, cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, hurt-hurt-hurt

put-put-put, read-read-read, shut-shut-shut

ABB型(过去式、过去分词相同):

bring-brought-brought, buy-bought-bought, think-thought-thought

catch-caught-caught, teach-taught-taught

keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept

feel-felt-felt, smell-smelt-smelt

ABC型(三者都不同):

sing-sang-sung, drink-drank-drunk, begin-began-begun

swim-swam-swum, ring-rang-rung

write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, break-broke-broken

go-went-gone, see-saw-seen, do-did-done

元音变化规则:

i→a→u:sing-sang-sung, drink-drank-drunk

i→u:stick-stuck-stuck, dig-dug-dug

ee→e:meet-met-met, feed-fed-fed

ea→o:speak-spoke-spoken, steal-stole-stolen

3,名词复数变化规则

规则变化:

一般加-s:book-books, cat-cats

s/x/ch/sh结尾加-es:box-boxes, watch-watches

辅音+y结尾,变y为i加-es:baby-babies, city-cities

f/fe结尾,变f/fe为v加-es:leaf-leaves, knife-knives

不规则变化:

man-men, woman-women, child-children

foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice

sheep-sheep, deer-deer, fish-fish(单复数同形)

外来词:phenomenon-phenomena, criterion-criteria

语法规则(Grammar)

1,时态和语态规则

被动语态结构:be + 过去分词(根据时态变化be动词)

主动表被动的特殊情况:

be worth doing(值得做)

want/need/require doing(需要被做)

be + 形容词 + to do(The book is easy to read)

2,从句规则

定语从句关系词选择:

关系词省略规则:

关系词在从句中作宾语时可省略

The book (that/which) I bought is cheap.

名词性从句规则:

主语从句:What he said is true.(what在从句中作宾语)

宾语从句:I know that he is honest.(that可省略)

表语从句:The problem is that we lack time.

同位语从句:The news that he won surprised us.(that不省略,解释news内容)

3,主谓一致规则

就近原则:either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also

Either you or he is wrong.

就远原则:as well as, together with, along with

- The teacher, together with his students, is coming.

特殊名词:the + 形容词 = 复数:The rich are not always happy.

时间/距离/金额 = 单数:Ten dollars is enough.

集体名词:family, team, class(强调整体用单数,强调成员用复数)

4,情态动词规则

情态动词+have done:

must have done(过去一定做了)

can't have done(过去不可能做了)

may/might have done(过去可能做了)

should have done(过去本应该做却没做)

shouldn't have done(过去本不该做却做了)

needn't have done(过去本不必做却做了)

句型结构规则

1,五大基本句型

2,倒装句规则

完全倒装(谓语全部提前): Here comes the bus.(here/there/up/down等副词开头)

In front of the house stands a tree.(地点状语开头)

部分倒装(助动词提前):Never have I seen such a sight.(否定词开头)

Only in this way can we solve it.(only+状语开头)

So + 助动词 + 主语: "I like it." "So do I."

3,强调句规则

强调句公式:It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他

It was yesterday that I met him.(强调时间)

It was in the park that we met.(强调地点)

It was he who/that broke the window.(强调人)

注意:强调句去掉It is/was...that后,句子仍然完整。

介词搭配规则

1,时间介词

2,地点介词

3,动词+介词搭配规则

介词搭配记忆口诀:

工具、手段用with,方式、方法用by

原因用for,目的用for

关于用about/of,除了用except/besides

在...上(接触)用on,在...里用in,在...旁用by/beside

特殊规则与技巧

1,直接引语转间接引语规则

时间词转换:

today → that day

yesterday → the day before

tomorrow → the next day

now → then

this week → that week

2,感叹句规则

快速判断:去掉主谓后,剩下名词用what,剩下形容词/副词用how。

3,反意疑问句规则

注意:中文思维陷阱 - "Yes"对应肯定事实,与问句形式无关。

4,写作高分句型规则

强调句式:

It is...that...(强调句)

What impressed me most is...(主语从句强调)

倒装句:Only in this way can we... / Never will I forget...

连接词规则:

递进:furthermore, moreover, besides, in addition

转折:however, nevertheless, on the contrary

因果:therefore, consequently, as a result, thus

举例:for example, for instance, such as, take...for example

总结:in conclusion, to sum up, in brief, all in all#英语#​#我们一起学英语#​#英语学习心得#​

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